IBD is an inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract, which is why it falls under the medical specialty of gastroenterology. Gastroenterologists are doctors who specialize in diagnosing and treating diseases of the digestive system, including those affecting the intestines. (source: Inflammatoire darmziekten (PDS): oorzaken, symptomen en risicofactoren)
A ‘flare-up’ in IBD is a sudden worsening of symptoms. This means inflammation in the intestines increases, leading to more and/or more intense symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, fatigue, and fever. Flare-ups can vary in severity and duration and may be triggered by stress, diet, or infections. (source: https://www.crohn-colitis.nl/over-crohn-colitis/wat-is-colitis-ulcerosa/symptomen-en-klachten-colitis/)
A possible complication of IBD in children is growth delay. Chronic inflammation in the intestines can disrupt nutrient absorption, which is crucial for healthy growth and development. Inflammation and some treatments, like corticosteroids, can also contribute to growth problems. (source: Inflammatoire darmziekten (IBD) bij kinderen)
Stress and smoking can worsen IBD symptoms. Both are known triggers for inflammation in people with IBD. Stress can affect the immune system and increase inflammation, while smoking harms the intestinal lining and hinders healing, especially in people with Crohn’s disease. (source: Inflammatoire darmziekten (PDS): oorzaken, symptomen en risicofactoren)
Many people with IBD experience sudden urgency and need quick access to a toilet. This is due to intestinal inflammation leading to increased bowel movements and sometimes diarrhea. Because this urgency is unpredictable, it’s essential to always know where the nearest toilet is. (source: https://www.crohn-colitis.nl/)
A fistula is an abnormal connection that forms between different organs or between an organ and the skin as a result of chronic inflammation in the intestines. This inflammation can lead to the development of a tunnel-like passage between the intestines and other organs (such as the bladder, vagina, or skin), or even between different parts of the intestines. Fistulas can be very painful and may lead to complications such as infections. (source: Inflammatoire darmziekten (PDS): oorzaken, symptomen en risicofactoren)
In the Netherlands, around 1000 people are diagnosed each year with Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis. These chronic intestinal diseases are more common than many people think. (source: https://www.crohn-colitis.nl/)